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The science behind the platform.

Papers, experiments, and perspectives from the Bud research team on making AI radically simpler, more efficient, and accessible to everyone.

Published research

Papers & experiments.

Peer-grade work spanning agent context compaction, security assurance, attention mechanisms, GPU virtualization, hybrid inference, datasets, and CPU acceleration. Each opens at its source.

Agents · Context

Bud ContextCompact 2.0: context compaction for small-model agents

On 100 SWE-bench Verified tasks in a 49K-token window, compaction lifted a 27B model's resolve rate on long sessions from 41% to 53%, using 13% fewer tokens per solved task.

Read on arXiv
Security · Theory

Compute-bounded security assurance: coverage, verification, and response

A framework that separates repeated success, unique coverage, accepted evidence, and operational protection when more inference compute is spent on security tasks. All results are analytic.

Read on arXiv
Attention · CPU

Resource Aware Attention: a new attention mechanism designed for CPUs

We introduce Resource Aware Attention (RAA), a new attention mechanism designed from the ground up against the resource envelope of the deployment.

Read the paper (PDF)
Benchmark · GPU

GPU-Virt-Bench: evaluating GPU virtualization methods

A comprehensive benchmarking framework that evaluates GPU virtualization systems across 56 performance metrics organized into 10 categories.

Read on arXiv
Hybrid inference

Reward-based token modelling with selective cloud assistance

Reduces traffic to the cloud LLM — lowering cost — while allowing flexible, token-level control over response quality through reward-based routing.

Read on SciProfiles
Dataset

Dataset for advancing academic knowledge and machine reasoning

11.53 billion tokens — integrating 8.01 billion tokens of synthetic data with 3.52 billion tokens of rich textbook data — to advance academic knowledge and machine reasoning.

Read on arXiv
Inference · CPU

Inference acceleration for large language models on CPUs

We explore the utilization of CPUs for accelerating the inference of large language models — the foundation of the x86-first thesis.

Read on arXiv
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